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AP Biology Unit 7: Natural Selection — Mind Map

Reviews mechanisms of evolution (natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, non-random mating), Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and its assumptions, types of natural selection (directional, stabilizing, disruptive), speciation, phylogenetic trees, and evidence for evolution.

Natural Selection

  • Mechanisms of Evolution

    • Natural Selection

      • Directional Selection

      • Stabilizing Selection

      • Disruptive Selection

      • Sexual Selection

      • Frequency Dependent Selection

    • Artificial Selection

    • Genetic Drift

      • Bottleneck Effect

      • Founder Effect

    • Gene Flow

    • Mutation

  • Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

    • p + q = 1

    • p² + 2pq + q² = 1

    • Five Conditions

      • Large Population

      • No Migration

      • No Mutation

      • Random Mating

      • No Selection

  • Evidence for Evolution

    • Fossil Record

    • Morphology

      • Homologous Structures

      • Vestigial Traits

      • Analogous Structures

    • Biogeography

    • Molecular Homologies

    • Embryology

  • Speciation

    • Biological Species Concept

    • Isolating Mechanisms

      • Prezygotic Barriers

      • Postzygotic Barriers

    • Types of Speciation

      • Allopatric

      • Sympatric

      • Adaptive Radiation

    • Rates of Evolution

      • Gradualism

      • Punctuated Equilibrium

  • Phylogeny

    • Phylogenetic Trees

    • Cladograms

    • Shared Derived Traits

    • Molecular Clocks

  • Origin of Life

    • Miller-Urey Experiment

    • RNA World Hypothesis

    • LUCA